diff --git a/asynchronix/src/ports/output.rs b/asynchronix/src/ports/output.rs
index f2c04d7..25aed9e 100644
--- a/asynchronix/src/ports/output.rs
+++ b/asynchronix/src/ports/output.rs
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static> Output<T> {
     ) -> LineId
     where
         M: Model,
-        C: Fn(T) -> U + Send + Sync + 'static,
+        C: Fn(&T) -> U + Send + Sync + 'static,
         F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, U, S> + Clone,
         U: Send + 'static,
         S: Send + 'static,
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static> Output<T> {
     /// argument.
     pub fn map_connect_sink<C, U, S>(&mut self, map: C, sink: &S) -> LineId
     where
-        C: Fn(T) -> U + Send + Sync + 'static,
+        C: Fn(&T) -> U + Send + Sync + 'static,
         U: Send + 'static,
         S: EventSink<U>,
     {
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static> Output<T> {
     ) -> LineId
     where
         M: Model,
-        C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync + 'static,
+        C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync + 'static,
         F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, U, S> + Clone,
         U: Send + 'static,
         S: Send + 'static,
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static> Output<T> {
     /// argument.
     pub fn filter_map_connect_sink<C, U, S>(&mut self, filter_map: C, sink: &S) -> LineId
     where
-        C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync + 'static,
+        C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync + 'static,
         U: Send + 'static,
         S: EventSink<U>,
     {
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static, R: Send + 'static> Requestor<T, R> {
     ) -> LineId
     where
         M: Model,
-        C: Fn(T) -> U + Send + Sync + 'static,
+        C: Fn(&T) -> U + Send + Sync + 'static,
         D: Fn(Q) -> R + Send + Sync + 'static,
         F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, U, Q, S> + Clone,
         U: Send + 'static,
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static, R: Send + 'static> Requestor<T, R> {
     ) -> LineId
     where
         M: Model,
-        C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync + 'static,
+        C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync + 'static,
         D: Fn(Q) -> R + Send + Sync + 'static,
         F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, U, Q, S> + Clone,
         U: Send + 'static,
diff --git a/asynchronix/src/ports/output/broadcaster.rs b/asynchronix/src/ports/output/broadcaster.rs
index 9611c8f..5592406 100644
--- a/asynchronix/src/ports/output/broadcaster.rs
+++ b/asynchronix/src/ports/output/broadcaster.rs
@@ -98,13 +98,13 @@ impl<T: Clone, R> BroadcasterInner<T, R> {
         while let Some(sender) = iter.next() {
             // Move the argument rather than clone it for the last future.
             if iter.len() == 0 {
-                if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send(arg) {
+                if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send_owned(arg) {
                     futures.push(fut);
                 }
                 break;
             }
 
-            if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send(arg.clone()) {
+            if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send(&arg) {
                 futures.push(fut);
             }
         }
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ impl<T: Clone> EventBroadcaster<T> {
             [] => Ok(()),
 
             // One sender at most.
-            [sender] => match sender.1.send(arg) {
+            [sender] => match sender.1.send_owned(arg) {
                 None => Ok(()),
                 Some(fut) => fut.await.map_err(|_| BroadcastError {}),
             },
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ impl<T: Clone, R> QueryBroadcaster<T, R> {
 
             // One sender at most.
             [sender] => {
-                if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send(arg) {
+                if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send_owned(arg) {
                     let output = fut.await.map_err(|_| BroadcastError {})?;
                     self.inner.shared.outputs[0] = Some(output);
 
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ mod tests {
             let mailbox = Receiver::new(10);
             let address = mailbox.sender();
             let id_filter_sender = Box::new(FilterMapInputSender::new(
-                move |x| (x == id || x == BROADCAST_ALL).then_some(x),
+                move |x: &usize| (*x == id || *x == BROADCAST_ALL).then_some(*x),
                 SumModel::increment,
                 address,
             ));
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ mod tests {
             let mailbox = Receiver::new(10);
             let address = mailbox.sender();
             let sender = Box::new(FilterMapReplierSender::new(
-                move |x| (x == id || x == BROADCAST_ALL).then_some(x),
+                move |x: &usize| (*x == id || *x == BROADCAST_ALL).then_some(*x),
                 |x| 3 * x,
                 DoubleModel::double,
                 address,
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ mod tests {
         fut_storage: Option<RecycleBox<()>>,
     }
     impl<R: Send> Sender<(), R> for TestEvent<R> {
-        fn send(&mut self, _arg: ()) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
+        fn send(&mut self, _arg: &()) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
             let fut_storage = &mut self.fut_storage;
             let receiver = &mut self.receiver;
 
diff --git a/asynchronix/src/ports/output/sender.rs b/asynchronix/src/ports/output/sender.rs
index 9ddb9c7..b6eb963 100644
--- a/asynchronix/src/ports/output/sender.rs
+++ b/asynchronix/src/ports/output/sender.rs
@@ -17,8 +17,13 @@ use crate::ports::{EventSinkWriter, InputFn, ReplierFn};
 /// An event or query sender abstracting over the target model and input or
 /// replier method.
 pub(super) trait Sender<T, R>: DynClone + Send {
-    /// Asynchronously send the event or request.
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>>;
+    /// Asynchronously sends a message using a reference to the message.
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>>;
+
+    /// Asynchronously sends an owned message.
+    fn send_owned(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
+        self.send(&arg)
+    }
 }
 
 dyn_clone::clone_trait_object!(<T, R> Sender<T, R>);
@@ -54,10 +59,14 @@ impl<M, F, T, S> Sender<T, ()> for InputSender<M, F, T, S>
 where
     M: Model,
     F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, T, S> + Clone,
-    T: Send + 'static,
+    T: Clone + Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
+        self.send_owned(arg.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn send_owned(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
         let func = self.func.clone();
 
         let fut = self.sender.send(move |model, scheduler, recycle_box| {
@@ -122,13 +131,13 @@ where
 impl<M, C, F, T, U, S> Sender<T, ()> for MapInputSender<M, C, F, T, U, S>
 where
     M: Model,
-    C: Fn(T) -> U + Send + Sync,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> U + Send + Sync,
     F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, U, S> + Clone,
     T: Send + 'static,
     U: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
         let func = self.func.clone();
         let arg = (self.map)(arg);
 
@@ -196,13 +205,13 @@ where
 impl<M, C, F, T, U, S> Sender<T, ()> for FilterMapInputSender<M, C, F, T, U, S>
 where
     M: Model,
-    C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync,
     F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, U, S> + Clone,
     T: Send + 'static,
     U: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
         (self.filter_map)(arg).map(|arg| {
             let func = self.func.clone();
 
@@ -256,10 +265,14 @@ impl<T, W> EventSinkSender<T, W> {
 
 impl<T, W> Sender<T, ()> for EventSinkSender<T, W>
 where
-    T: Send + 'static,
+    T: Clone + Send + 'static,
     W: EventSinkWriter<T>,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
+        self.send_owned(arg.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn send_owned(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
         let writer = &mut self.writer;
 
         Some(RecycledFuture::new(&mut self.fut_storage, async move {
@@ -283,7 +296,7 @@ impl<T, W: Clone> Clone for EventSinkSender<T, W> {
 /// An object that can send mapped events to an event sink.
 pub(super) struct MapEventSinkSender<T, U, W, C>
 where
-    C: Fn(T) -> U,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> U,
 {
     writer: W,
     map: Arc<C>,
@@ -293,7 +306,7 @@ where
 
 impl<T, U, W, C> MapEventSinkSender<T, U, W, C>
 where
-    C: Fn(T) -> U,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> U,
 {
     pub(super) fn new(map: C, writer: W) -> Self {
         Self {
@@ -309,10 +322,10 @@ impl<T, U, W, C> Sender<T, ()> for MapEventSinkSender<T, U, W, C>
 where
     T: Send + 'static,
     U: Send + 'static,
-    C: Fn(T) -> U + Send + Sync,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> U + Send + Sync,
     W: EventSinkWriter<U>,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
         let writer = &mut self.writer;
         let arg = (self.map)(arg);
 
@@ -326,7 +339,7 @@ where
 
 impl<T, U, W, C> Clone for MapEventSinkSender<T, U, W, C>
 where
-    C: Fn(T) -> U,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> U,
     W: Clone,
 {
     fn clone(&self) -> Self {
@@ -342,7 +355,7 @@ where
 /// An object that can filter and send mapped events to an event sink.
 pub(super) struct FilterMapEventSinkSender<T, U, W, C>
 where
-    C: Fn(T) -> Option<U>,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U>,
 {
     writer: W,
     filter_map: Arc<C>,
@@ -352,7 +365,7 @@ where
 
 impl<T, U, W, C> FilterMapEventSinkSender<T, U, W, C>
 where
-    C: Fn(T) -> Option<U>,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U>,
 {
     pub(super) fn new(filter_map: C, writer: W) -> Self {
         Self {
@@ -368,10 +381,10 @@ impl<T, U, W, C> Sender<T, ()> for FilterMapEventSinkSender<T, U, W, C>
 where
     T: Send + 'static,
     U: Send + 'static,
-    C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync,
     W: EventSinkWriter<U>,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<(), SendError>>> {
         let writer = &mut self.writer;
 
         (self.filter_map)(arg).map(|arg| {
@@ -386,7 +399,7 @@ where
 
 impl<T, U, W, C> Clone for FilterMapEventSinkSender<T, U, W, C>
 where
-    C: Fn(T) -> Option<U>,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U>,
     W: Clone,
 {
     fn clone(&self) -> Self {
@@ -432,11 +445,15 @@ impl<M, F, T, R, S> Sender<T, R> for ReplierSender<M, F, T, R, S>
 where
     M: Model,
     F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, T, R, S> + Clone,
-    T: Send + 'static,
+    T: Clone + Send + 'static,
     R: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
+        self.send_owned(arg.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn send_owned(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
         let func = self.func.clone();
         let sender = &mut self.sender;
         let reply_receiver = &mut self.receiver;
@@ -525,7 +542,7 @@ where
 impl<M, C, D, F, T, R, U, Q, S> Sender<T, R> for MapReplierSender<M, C, D, F, T, R, U, Q, S>
 where
     M: Model,
-    C: Fn(T) -> U + Send + Sync,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> U + Send + Sync,
     D: Fn(Q) -> R + Send + Sync,
     F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, U, Q, S> + Clone,
     T: Send + 'static,
@@ -534,7 +551,7 @@ where
     Q: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
         let func = self.func.clone();
         let arg = (self.query_map)(arg);
         let sender = &mut self.sender;
@@ -638,7 +655,7 @@ where
 impl<M, C, D, F, T, R, U, Q, S> Sender<T, R> for FilterMapReplierSender<M, C, D, F, T, R, U, Q, S>
 where
     M: Model,
-    C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U> + Send + Sync,
     D: Fn(Q) -> R + Send + Sync,
     F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, U, Q, S> + Clone,
     T: Send + 'static,
@@ -647,7 +664,7 @@ where
     Q: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<RecycledFuture<'_, Result<R, SendError>>> {
         (self.query_filter_map)(arg).map(|arg| {
             let func = self.func.clone();
             let sender = &mut self.sender;
diff --git a/asynchronix/src/ports/source.rs b/asynchronix/src/ports/source.rs
index 08398b9..faab6e5 100644
--- a/asynchronix/src/ports/source.rs
+++ b/asynchronix/src/ports/source.rs
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static> EventSource<T> {
     ) -> LineId
     where
         M: Model,
-        C: Fn(T) -> U + Send + 'static,
+        C: for<'a> Fn(&'a T) -> U + Send + 'static,
         F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, U, S> + Clone,
         U: Send + 'static,
         S: Send + 'static,
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static> EventSource<T> {
     ) -> LineId
     where
         M: Model,
-        C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send + 'static,
+        C: for<'a> Fn(&'a T) -> Option<U> + Send + 'static,
         F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, U, S> + Clone,
         U: Send + 'static,
         S: Send + 'static,
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static, R: Send + 'static> QuerySource<T, R> {
     ) -> LineId
     where
         M: Model,
-        C: Fn(T) -> U + Send + 'static,
+        C: for<'a> Fn(&'a T) -> U + Send + 'static,
         D: Fn(Q) -> R + Send + Sync + 'static,
         F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, U, Q, S> + Clone,
         U: Send + 'static,
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send + 'static, R: Send + 'static> QuerySource<T, R> {
     ) -> LineId
     where
         M: Model,
-        C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send + 'static,
+        C: for<'a> Fn(&'a T) -> Option<U> + Send + 'static,
         D: Fn(Q) -> R + Send + Sync + 'static,
         F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, U, Q, S> + Clone,
         U: Send + 'static,
diff --git a/asynchronix/src/ports/source/broadcaster.rs b/asynchronix/src/ports/source/broadcaster.rs
index 4291a54..63576d8 100644
--- a/asynchronix/src/ports/source/broadcaster.rs
+++ b/asynchronix/src/ports/source/broadcaster.rs
@@ -79,14 +79,14 @@ impl<T: Clone, R> BroadcasterInner<T, R> {
         // Broadcast the message and collect all futures.
         let mut iter = self.senders.iter_mut();
         while let Some(sender) = iter.next() {
-            // Move the argument rather than clone it for the last future.
+            // Move the argument for the last future to avoid undue cloning.
             if iter.len() == 0 {
-                if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send(arg) {
+                if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send_owned(arg) {
                     future_states.push(SenderFutureState::Pending(fut));
                 }
                 break;
             }
-            if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send(arg.clone()) {
+            if let Some(fut) = sender.1.send(&arg) {
                 future_states.push(SenderFutureState::Pending(fut));
             }
         }
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send> EventBroadcaster<T> {
             // No sender.
             [] => Fut::Empty,
             // One sender at most.
-            [sender] => Fut::Single(sender.1.send(arg)),
+            [sender] => Fut::Single(sender.1.send_owned(arg)),
             // Possibly multiple senders.
             _ => Fut::Multiple(self.inner.futures(arg)),
         };
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Send, R: Send> QueryBroadcaster<T, R> {
             // No sender.
             [] => Fut::Empty,
             // One sender at most.
-            [sender] => Fut::Single(sender.1.send(arg)),
+            [sender] => Fut::Single(sender.1.send_owned(arg)),
             // Possibly multiple senders.
             _ => Fut::Multiple(self.inner.futures(arg)),
         };
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ mod tests {
             let mailbox = Receiver::new(10);
             let address = mailbox.sender();
             let id_filter_sender = Box::new(FilterMapInputSender::new(
-                move |x| (x == id || x == BROADCAST_ALL).then_some(x),
+                move |x: &usize| (*x == id || *x == BROADCAST_ALL).then_some(*x),
                 SumModel::increment,
                 address,
             ));
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ mod tests {
             let mailbox = Receiver::new(10);
             let address = mailbox.sender();
             let sender = Box::new(FilterMapReplierSender::new(
-                move |x| (x == id || x == BROADCAST_ALL).then_some(x),
+                move |x: &usize| (*x == id || *x == BROADCAST_ALL).then_some(*x),
                 |x| 3 * x,
                 DoubleModel::double,
                 address,
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ mod tests {
     impl<R: Send + 'static> Sender<(), R> for TestEvent<R> {
         fn send(
             &mut self,
-            _arg: (),
+            _arg: &(),
         ) -> Option<Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<R, SendError>> + Send>>> {
             let receiver = self.receiver.take().unwrap();
 
diff --git a/asynchronix/src/ports/source/sender.rs b/asynchronix/src/ports/source/sender.rs
index 66c7080..0edc865 100644
--- a/asynchronix/src/ports/source/sender.rs
+++ b/asynchronix/src/ports/source/sender.rs
@@ -16,8 +16,13 @@ pub(super) type SenderFuture<R> = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<R, SendErro
 
 /// An event or query sender abstracting over the target model and input method.
 pub(super) trait Sender<T, R>: Send {
-    /// Asynchronously send the event or request.
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>>;
+    /// Asynchronously sends a message using a reference to the message.
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>>;
+
+    /// Asynchronously sends an owned message.
+    fn send_owned(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>> {
+        self.send(&arg)
+    }
 }
 
 /// An object that can send events to an input port.
@@ -49,10 +54,14 @@ impl<M, F, T, S> Sender<T, ()> for InputSender<M, F, T, S>
 where
     M: Model,
     F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, T, S> + Clone,
-    T: Send + 'static,
+    T: Clone + Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<()>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<SenderFuture<()>> {
+        self.send_owned(arg.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn send_owned(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<()>> {
         let func = self.func.clone();
         let sender = self.sender.clone();
 
@@ -101,13 +110,13 @@ where
 impl<M, C, F, T, U, S> Sender<T, ()> for MapInputSender<M, C, F, T, U, S>
 where
     M: Model,
-    C: Fn(T) -> U + Send,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> U + Send,
     F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, U, S> + Clone,
     T: Send + 'static,
     U: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<()>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<SenderFuture<()>> {
         let func = self.func.clone();
         let arg = (self.map)(arg);
         let sender = self.sender.clone();
@@ -157,13 +166,13 @@ where
 impl<M, C, F, T, U, S> Sender<T, ()> for FilterMapInputSender<M, C, F, T, U, S>
 where
     M: Model,
-    C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U> + Send,
     F: for<'a> InputFn<'a, M, U, S> + Clone,
     T: Send + 'static,
     U: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<()>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<SenderFuture<()>> {
         (self.filter_map)(arg).map(|arg| {
             let func = self.func.clone();
             let sender = self.sender.clone();
@@ -211,11 +220,15 @@ impl<M, F, T, R, S> Sender<T, R> for ReplierSender<M, F, T, R, S>
 where
     M: Model,
     F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, T, R, S> + Clone,
-    T: Send + 'static,
+    T: Clone + Send + 'static,
     R: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>> {
+        self.send_owned(arg.clone())
+    }
+
+    fn send_owned(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>> {
         let func = self.func.clone();
         let sender = self.sender.clone();
         let (reply_sender, reply_receiver) = oneshot::channel();
@@ -275,7 +288,7 @@ where
 impl<M, C, D, F, T, R, U, Q, S> Sender<T, R> for MapReplierSender<M, C, D, F, T, R, U, Q, S>
 where
     M: Model,
-    C: Fn(T) -> U + Send,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> U + Send,
     D: Fn(Q) -> R + Send + Sync + 'static,
     F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, U, Q, S> + Clone,
     T: Send + 'static,
@@ -284,7 +297,7 @@ where
     Q: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>> {
         let func = self.func.clone();
         let arg = (self.query_map)(arg);
         let sender = self.sender.clone();
@@ -354,7 +367,7 @@ where
 impl<M, C, D, F, T, R, U, Q, S> Sender<T, R> for FilterMapReplierSender<M, C, D, F, T, R, U, Q, S>
 where
     M: Model,
-    C: Fn(T) -> Option<U> + Send,
+    C: Fn(&T) -> Option<U> + Send,
     D: Fn(Q) -> R + Send + Sync + 'static,
     F: for<'a> ReplierFn<'a, M, U, Q, S> + Clone,
     T: Send + 'static,
@@ -363,7 +376,7 @@ where
     Q: Send + 'static,
     S: Send,
 {
-    fn send(&mut self, arg: T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>> {
+    fn send(&mut self, arg: &T) -> Option<SenderFuture<R>> {
         (self.query_filter_map)(arg).map(|arg| {
             let func = self.func.clone();
             let sender = self.sender.clone();