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17
README.md
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README.md
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# RIU (Remote Interface Unit)
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## Setup
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### Hardware
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- Arduino Uno
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- BMP280 breakout board (Pressure and Temperature sensor)
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#### Wiring
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- BMP280 VCC -> Arduino 3.3V
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- BMP280 GND -> Arduino GND
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- BMP280 SDA -> Arduino SDA
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- BMP280 SCL -> Arduino SCL
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### Software
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- Arduino IDE
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- Adafruit BMP280 library
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## Usage
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- Upload the code to the Arduino
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- Open the serial monitor and type commands
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- Alternatively, directly send commands to the Arduino via serial communication
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135
RIU-datasheet.md
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135
RIU-datasheet.md
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# Tübingen Instruments RIU-9000 Datasheet
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---
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## Manufacturer: TI (Tübingen Instruments)
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### Overview
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The RIU-9000 is a versatile Remote Interface Unit (RIU) designed for spacecraft sensor management. This device interfaces with an Adafruit BMP280 sensor to provide accurate pressure and temperature readings. The RIU-9000 allows users to configure sensor parameters and retrieve sensor data through a structured 4-step communication protocol.
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### Features
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- **Sensor Support**: Integrated support for BMP280 pressure and temperature sensor.
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- **Configurable Parameters**: Offset and sampling rate adjustments for both pressure and temperature readings.
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- **Reliable Communication**: 4-step communication protocol to ensure data integrity.
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- **Error Handling**: Error messages for invalid commands or parameters.
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- **Industry Standard Data Format**: Sensor data is sent in binary format representing 32 bit IEEE-754 Floating Point values.
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---
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### Commands and Responses
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#### General Format
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Commands should be sent as strings over the serial interface at 115200 baud rate. Commands are case-sensitive and must be followed by a newline character (`\n`). Parameters and values should be separated by a space. Responses from the RIU-9000 will also be in string format.
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#### STARTUP
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- **Command**: `STARTUP`
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- **Response**: `READY - Tübingen Instruments RIU-9000`
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- **Description**: Initializes the device. This command must be sent before any other commands are accepted.
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#### GET_SENSOR
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- **Command**: `GET_SENSOR [COMMAND] [SENSOR]`
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- **Description**: Initiates a 4-step communication process to read sensor data.
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- **Steps**:
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1. **REQUEST**: Command the device to read sensor value.
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- **Command**: `GET_SENSOR REQUEST [SENSOR]`
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- **Response**: `OK` or `ERROR`
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2. **CONFIRM**: Ask if the device requested the data from the sensor.
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- **Command**: `GET_SENSOR CONFIRM [SENSOR]`
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- **Response**: `TRUE` or `FALSE`
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3. **CHECK**: Ask if the data is present now.
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- **Command**: `GET_SENSOR CHECK [SENSOR]`
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- **Response**: `TRUE` or `FALSE`
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4. **SEND**: Command the device to send the data to the user.
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- **Command**: `GET_SENSOR SEND [SENSOR]`
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- **Response**: `[DATA]` or `FALSE`
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5. **CANCEL**: Cancel the sensor reading request.
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- **Command**: `GET_SENSOR CANCEL [SENSOR]`
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- **Response**: `OK`
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#### SET_PARAMETER
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- **Command**: `SET_PARAMETER [PARAM] [VALUE]`
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- **Response**: `OK` or `ERROR: UNKNOWN PARAMETER`
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- **Parameters**:
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- `PRESSURE_OFFSET`: Sets the offset for pressure readings. (In hPa)
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- `TEMPERATURE_OFFSET`: Sets the offset for temperature readings. (In °C)
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- `PRESSURE_SAMPLING`: Sets the oversampling rate for the pressure sensor (`SAMPLING_NONE`, `SAMPLING_X1`, `SAMPLING_X2`, `SAMPLING_X4`, `SAMPLING_X8`, `SAMPLING_X16`).
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- `TEMPERATURE_SAMPLING`: Sets the oversampling rate for the temperature sensor (`SAMPLING_NONE`, `SAMPLING_X1`, `SAMPLING_X2`, `SAMPLING_X4`, `SAMPLING_X8`, `SAMPLING_X16`).
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#### GET_PARAMETER
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- **Command**: `GET_PARAMETER [PARAM]`
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- **Response**: `[VALUE]` or `ERROR: UNKNOWN PARAMETER`
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- **Parameters**:
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- `PRESSURE_OFFSET`: Retrieves the current pressure offset.
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- `TEMPERATURE_OFFSET`: Retrieves the current temperature offset.
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- `PRESSURE_SAMPLING`: Retrieves the current pressure oversampling rate.
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- `TEMPERATURE_SAMPLING`: Retrieves the current temperature oversampling rate.
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#### RESET_SENSORS
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- **Command**: `RESET_SENSORS`
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- **Response**: `OK`
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- **Description**: Resets the request count and communication state.
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#### Communication Errors
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- **BUSY**: Device is busy. Every 20th request, the device will respond with `BUSY` and not process the command.
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- **ERROR**: Generic error message for invalid commands or failed operations.
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- **FALSE**: Response for confirmation checks that fail.
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- **[NO RESPONSE]**: After 100 requests, the device will stop responding to commands until a `RESET_SENSORS` command is issued.
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---
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### Example Usage
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#### Initialization
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```
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User: STARTUP
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Device: READY
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```
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#### Setting Parameters
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```
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User: SET_PARAMETER PRESSURE_OFFSET 10
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Device: OK
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User: SET_PARAMETER PRESSURE_SAMPLING SAMPLING_X4
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Device: OK
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```
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#### Getting Parameters
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```
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User: GET_PARAMETER PRESSURE_OFFSET
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Device: 10
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User: GET_PARAMETER PRESSURE_SAMPLING
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Device: SAMPLING_X4
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```
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#### Reading Sensor Data
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```
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User: GET_SENSOR REQUEST PRESSURE
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Device: OK
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User: GET_SENSOR CONFIRM PRESSURE
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Device: OK
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User: GET_SENSOR CHECK PRESSURE
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Device: FALSE
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User: GET_SENSOR CHECK PRESSURE
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Device: TRUE
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User: GET_SENSOR SEND PRESSURE
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Device: [Binary Data]
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```
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#### Resetting Sensors
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```
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User: RESET_SENSORS
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Device: OK
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```
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---
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For more detailed information and troubleshooting, please refer to the official TI (Tübingen Instruments) RIU-9000 documentation.
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---
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305
RIU.ino
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RIU.ino
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#include <Wire.h>
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#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
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#include <Adafruit_BMP280.h>
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// BMP280 Sensor
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Adafruit_BMP280 bmp; // use I2C interface
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Adafruit_Sensor *bmp_temp = bmp.getTemperatureSensor();
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Adafruit_Sensor *bmp_pressure = bmp.getPressureSensor();
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// Constants
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const int MAX_REQUESTS = 100;
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const int BUSY_THRESHOLD = 20;
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// Parameters
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int pressureOffset = 0;
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Adafruit_BMP280::sensor_sampling pressureSampling = Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X1;
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int temperatureOffset = 0;
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Adafruit_BMP280::sensor_sampling temperatureSampling = Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X1;
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// State Variables
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int requestCount = 0;
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bool startupReceived = false;
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String lastSensorValue = "";
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// Communication state for 4-step process
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struct CommunicationState {
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bool requestConfirmed = false;
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bool confirmConfirmed = false;
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bool checkConfirmed = false;
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};
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CommunicationState commState;
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// Function Prototypes
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void handleCommand(String command);
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void handleGetSensor(String command, String sensor);
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void handleSetParameter(String param, String value);
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void handleGetParameter(String param);
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void resetSensors();
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String getRawSensorData(String sensor);
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bool randomFailure(float chance);
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String* splitString(String data, char separator, int* size);
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Adafruit_BMP280::sensor_sampling getSamplingFromUserInput(String value);
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String samplingToString(Adafruit_BMP280::sensor_sampling sampling);
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String floatToBinary(float value);
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void setup() {
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Serial.begin(115200);
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while (!Serial) {
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; // Wait for serial port to connect.
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}
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while (!startupReceived) {
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if (Serial.available()) {
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String command = Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
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if (command.startsWith("STARTUP")) {
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startupReceived = true;
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}
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}
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}
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unsigned status = bmp.begin(0x76);
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if (!status) {
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Serial.println(F("Could not find a valid BMP280 sensor, check wiring or try a different address!"));
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while (1) delay(10);
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}
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bmp.setSampling(Adafruit_BMP280::MODE_NORMAL, /* Operating Mode. */
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temperatureSampling, /* Temp. oversampling */
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pressureSampling, /* Pressure oversampling */
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Adafruit_BMP280::FILTER_X16, /* Filtering. */
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Adafruit_BMP280::STANDBY_MS_500); /* Standby time. */
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Serial.println("READY - Tübingen Instruments RIU-9000");
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}
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void loop() {
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if (Serial.available()) {
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String command = Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
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delay(50); // Small delay to make communication more interesting
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handleCommand(command);
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}
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}
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void handleCommand(String command) {
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if (requestCount >= MAX_REQUESTS && !command.startsWith("RESET_SENSORS")) {
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return;
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}
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if (requestCount > 0 && requestCount % BUSY_THRESHOLD == 0) {
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Serial.println("BUSY");
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requestCount++;
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return;
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}
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int size;
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String* parts = splitString(command, ' ', &size);
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if (parts[0] == "GET_SENSOR" && size == 3) {
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handleGetSensor(parts[1], parts[2]);
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} else if (parts[0] == "SET_PARAMETER" && size == 3) {
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handleSetParameter(parts[1], parts[2]);
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} else if (parts[0] == "GET_PARAMETER" && size == 2) {
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handleGetParameter(parts[1]);
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} else if (parts[0] == "RESET_SENSORS" && size == 1) {
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resetSensors();
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} else {
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Serial.println("ERROR: UNKNOWN COMMAND");
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}
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delete[] parts;
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requestCount++;
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}
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void handleGetSensor(String command, String sensor) {
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if (command == "REQUEST") { // request data from the RUI (which will request it from the sensor)
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if (!commState.requestConfirmed && randomFailure(0.1)) {
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Serial.println("ERROR");
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return;
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}
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lastSensorValue = getRawSensorData(sensor);
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Serial.println("OK");
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commState.requestConfirmed = true;
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} else if (command == "CONFIRM") { // did you request the data from the sensor?
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if (!commState.confirmConfirmed && randomFailure(0.1)) {
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Serial.println("FALSE");
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return;
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}
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if (commState.requestConfirmed) {
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Serial.println("TRUE");
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commState.confirmConfirmed = true;
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} else {
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Serial.println("FALSE");
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}
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} else if (command == "CHECK") { // did you get the data from the sensor?
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if (!commState.checkConfirmed && randomFailure(0.5)) {
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Serial.println("FALSE");
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} else {
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if (commState.requestConfirmed) {
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Serial.println("TRUE");
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commState.checkConfirmed = true;
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} else {
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Serial.println("FALSE");
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}
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}
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} else if (command == "SEND") { // send the data to the user
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if (commState.requestConfirmed) {
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Serial.println(lastSensorValue);
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commState = CommunicationState(); // Reset communication state
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} else {
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Serial.println("FALSE");
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}
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} else if (command == "CANCEL") {
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commState = CommunicationState(); // Reset communication state
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Serial.println("OK");
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} else {
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Serial.println("ERROR: UNKNOWN COMMAND");
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}
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}
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void handleSetParameter(String param, String value) {
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if (param == "PRESSURE_OFFSET") {
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pressureOffset = value.toInt();
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Serial.println("OK");
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} else if (param == "PRESSURE_SAMPLING") {
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pressureSampling = getSamplingFromUserInput(value);
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bmp.setSampling(Adafruit_BMP280::MODE_NORMAL, /* Operating Mode. */
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temperatureSampling, /* Temp. oversampling */
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pressureSampling, /* Pressure oversampling */
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Adafruit_BMP280::FILTER_X16, /* Filtering. */
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Adafruit_BMP280::STANDBY_MS_500); /* Standby time. */
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Serial.println("OK");
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} else if (param == "TEMPERATURE_OFFSET") {
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temperatureOffset = value.toInt();
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Serial.println("OK");
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} else if (param == "TEMPERATURE_SAMPLING") {
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temperatureSampling = getSamplingFromUserInput(value);
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bmp.setSampling(Adafruit_BMP280::MODE_NORMAL, /* Operating Mode. */
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temperatureSampling, /* Temp. oversampling */
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pressureSampling, /* Pressure oversampling */
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Adafruit_BMP280::FILTER_X16, /* Filtering. */
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Adafruit_BMP280::STANDBY_MS_500); /* Standby time. */
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Serial.println("OK");
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} else {
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Serial.println("ERROR: UNKNOWN PARAMETER");
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}
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}
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void handleGetParameter(String param) {
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if (param == "PRESSURE_OFFSET") {
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Serial.println(pressureOffset);
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} else if (param == "PRESSURE_SAMPLING") {
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Serial.println(samplingToString(pressureSampling));
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} else if (param == "TEMPERATURE_OFFSET") {
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Serial.println(temperatureOffset);
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} else if (param == "TEMPERATURE_SAMPLING") {
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Serial.println(samplingToString(temperatureSampling));
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} else {
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Serial.println("ERROR: UNKNOWN PARAMETER");
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}
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}
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void resetSensors() {
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requestCount = 0;
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commState = CommunicationState(); // Reset communication state
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Serial.println("OK");
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}
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String getRawSensorData(String sensor) {
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sensors_event_t temp_event, pressure_event;
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if (sensor == "PRESSURE") {
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bmp_pressure->getEvent(&pressure_event);
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float pressure = pressure_event.pressure + pressureOffset;
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return floatToBinary(pressure); // in hPa
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} else if (sensor == "TEMPERATURE") {
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bmp_temp->getEvent(&temp_event);
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float temperature = temp_event.temperature + temperatureOffset;
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return floatToBinary(temperature); // in °C
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}
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return "";
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}
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bool randomFailure(float chance) {
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return random(0, 100) < (chance * 100);
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}
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String* splitString(String data, char separator, int* size) {
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int found = 0;
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int strIndex[] = {0, -1};
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int maxIndex = data.length() - 1;
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int count = 1;
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for (int i = 0; i <= maxIndex; i++) {
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if (data.charAt(i) == separator) {
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count++;
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}
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}
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String* result = new String[count];
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*size = count;
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found = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i <= maxIndex && found < count; i++) {
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if (data.charAt(i) == separator || i == maxIndex) {
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strIndex[0] = strIndex[1] + 1;
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strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i + 1 : i;
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result[found] = data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]);
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found++;
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}
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}
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return result;
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}
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Adafruit_BMP280::sensor_sampling getSamplingFromUserInput(String value) {
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if (value == "SAMPLING_NONE") return Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_NONE;
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if (value == "SAMPLING_X1") return Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X1;
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if (value == "SAMPLING_X2") return Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X2;
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if (value == "SAMPLING_X4") return Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X4;
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if (value == "SAMPLING_X8") return Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X8;
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if (value == "SAMPLING_X16") return Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X16;
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return Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_NONE;
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}
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String samplingToString(Adafruit_BMP280::sensor_sampling sampling) {
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switch (sampling) {
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case Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_NONE:
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return "SAMPLING_NONE";
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case Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X1:
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return "SAMPLING_X1";
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case Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X2:
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return "SAMPLING_X2";
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case Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X4:
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return "SAMPLING_X4";
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case Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X8:
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return "SAMPLING_X8";
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case Adafruit_BMP280::SAMPLING_X16:
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return "SAMPLING_X16";
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default:
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return "UNKNOWN_SAMPLING";
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}
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}
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String floatToBinary(float value) {
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union FloatUnion {
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float value;
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byte bytes[4];
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};
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FloatUnion floatUnion;
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floatUnion.value = value;
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String binaryString = "";
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for (int i = 3; i >= 0; i--) {
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for (int j = 7; j >= 0; j--) {
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binaryString += String((floatUnion.bytes[i] >> j) & 1);
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}
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}
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return binaryString;
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}
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8
launch.json
Normal file
8
launch.json
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
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{
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// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
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// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
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"version": "0.2.0",
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"configurations": [
|
||||
|
||||
]
|
||||
}
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||||
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Reference in New Issue
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